Diagnosis of Hepatic Nodules in Patients at Risk for Q1 Hepatocellular Carcin…

Unequivocal diagnosis with avoidance of false- positive results is very relevant in patients with liver disease in whom an imaging technique detects a nodule that raises the potential emergence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although biopsy confirmation is standard in most cancers, several studies have shown that reliable HCC diagnosis may be established by imaging techniques in patient…

Clinical Application of Stem Cells in Liver Diseases: From Bench to Bedside

Advances in stem cell biology bring remarkable revolution to human disease study and therapy, including various liver diseases. The establishment of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), especially induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), makes it possible to obtain infinite hepatocytes derived from human source for cell therapy, disease modeling, and drug testing

Circulating Cytokines and Histological Liver Damage in Chronic Hepatitis B In…

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Evaluation of serum levels of IL-6, TNF-, IL-10,IL-2 and IL-4 in patients wit…

Changes in various cytokine activities have been reported during both HBV andHCV infections, while an imbalance of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokineproduction influences their immunopathogenesis. The aims of the present study are (a) tomeasure serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor  (TNF-), interleukin-10(IL-10), interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interleukin-4 (IL-4)…

Chinese guidelines on management of hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhosis

The Chinese Society of Hepatology developed the current guidelines on the management of hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhosis based on the published evidence and the panelists’ consensus. The guidelines provided recommendations for the diagnosis and management of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) including minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) and overt hepatic encephalopathy, emphasizing the importan…

KASL clinical practice guidelines for liver cirrhosis: Varices, hepatic encep…

Patients with decompensated cirrhosis with complications have a very poor prognosis and require careful management. Varices are common complications in patients with cirrhosis. Although the prognosis of variceal bleeding has improved with recent advances in diagnosis and treatment, the mortality rate remains 12–22%.

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Patients with None Dialysis-Dependent Chronic K…

CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE (CKD) currently affects approximately 15% of the US population or 30 million US adults,1 but incidence is projected to increase over the next 2 decades due to the ongoing obesity epidemic and the aging of the US population.2 Almost half of all US adults aged 65 years and older are predicted to develop CKD during their lifetime.2 The economic impact of CKD is substantial

Serum IL-21 levels associated with chronic hepatitis B and hepatitis B-relate…

The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of interleukin (IL)-21 in chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. IL-21 stimulates T and B cell responses and plays a role in the control of chronic viral infections. Serum IL-21 levels were measured by enzyme immunoassay in 109 patients with chronic HBV infection at various clinical stages, as well as in 19 healthy controls (HCs).

Interleukin-21 gene polymorphisms and chronic hepatitis B infection in a Chin…

In this case-control study, 366 Chinese HBV-infected patients were recruited and divided into hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC; n = 94) and non-HCC (n = 272) groups at The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, from April 2009 to December 2012. In the non-HCC group, the patients were classified into three clinical subsets, 76 patients had chronic hepatitis B, 101 were HBV carriers a…

Hepatitis B virus persistence in mice reveals IL-21 and IL-33 as regulators o…

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) generally causes self-limiting infection in immunocompetent adults, but establishes chronic infection in some adults and in most maternally infected infants. Factors determining clearance versus persistence are not fully understood. Hydrodynamic injection (HDI) of HBV replicon plasmid via tail vein generally results in quick clearance in immunocompetent adult mice. Here,…