Ever since the publication of the SPARCL trial (Stroke Prevention by Aggressive Reduction in Cholesterol Levels) in 2006, neurologists became aware of the fact that statins may increase the risk for future intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in patients with previous ischemic stroke or ICH.1,2 At the same time, observational studies reported an increased risk for hemorrhagic transformation or even…
The statins have been used for 30 years to prevent coronary artery disease and stroke. Their primary mechanism of action is the lowering of serum cholesterol through inhibiting hepatic cholesterol biosynthesis thereby upregulating the hepatic low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors and increasing the clearance of LDLcholesterol. Statins may exert cardiovascular protective effects that are in…
The cholesterol-lowering drugs, statins, possess anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and pro-osteogenic properties, and thus have been tested as an adjunct to periodontal treatment. The present systematic review aimed to answer the following focused research question: What is the effect of local and/or systemic statin use on periodontal tissues in preclinical in vivo studies of experimentally indu…
Rosuvastatin/ezetimibe combines two lipid-lowering agents: rosuvastatin, an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (i.e. statin) with particularly strong inhibitory efects on hepatic cholesterol synthesis, and ezetimibe, which inhibits the intestinal absorption of cholesterol. A fxed-dose combination (FDC) of rosuvastatin/ezetimibe is indicated as an adjunctive therapy to diet for the management of pri…
The aim of this article is to examine the benefit-risk profile of rosuvastatin at doses of 10 to 40 mg. In dyslipidemic patients, rosuvastatin produced markedly greater reductions in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and equivalent or greater improvements in various lipid measures, including high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol, and triglycerides when compared…
Many patients at high risk of cardiovascular disease do not achieve recommended low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) goals. This study compared the efficacy and safety of low doses of rosuvastatin (10 mg) and atorvastatin (20 mg) in high-risk patients with hypercholesterolemia
The primary objective of this 6-week, parallel-group, open-label, randomized, multicenter trial was to compare rosuvastatin with atorvastatin, pravastatin, and simvastatin across dose ranges for reduction of lowdensity lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. Secondary objectives included comparing rosuvastatin with comparators for other lipid modifications and achievement of National Cholesterol Educati…
The lipid-modifying effects of statin therapy in hypercholesterolemic African-Americans have not been well characterized. This study compared the efficacy and safety of rosuvastatin and atorvastatin treatment for 6 weeks in hypercholesterolemic African-American adults. In the African American Rosuvastatin Investigation of Efficacy and Safety (ARIES) trial (4522US/0002), 774 adult African-Americ…
The metabolicsyndromeisamultiplexriskfactorforatheroscleroticcardiovasculardiseaseandtype2diabetes.Itiscomposed of atherogenicdyslipidemia,elevatedbloodpressure,insulinresistanceandelevatedglucose,apro-thromboticstate,anda pro-inflammatorystate.Excessenergyintakeandconcomitantobesityarethemajordriversofthesyndrome.Lifestyle intervention canreversemetabolicriskfactors,butattimes,drugtherapies…
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) represents a cluster of metabolic abnormalities that include hypertension, central obesity, insulin resistance, and atherogenic dyslipidemia, and is strongly associated with an increased risk for developing diabetes and atherosclerotic and nonatherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD). The pathogenesis of MetS involves both genetic and acquired factors that contribut…