Pain is the primary complaint and the main reason for prolonged recovery after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The authors hypothesized that patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy will have less pain four hours after surgery when receiving maintenance of anesthesia with propofol when compared to isoflurane, desflurane, or sevoflurane
Atelectasis is derived from the Greek words ateles and ektasis, meaning incomplete expansion. It is also referred to as collapse of the lung. Atelectasis is the loss of lung volume, either a part or all of a lung with or without mediastinal shift.
Complete atelectasis of primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) requires immediate air reduction. Surgical intervention has been considered proper treatment for persistent air leakage or recurrence. We examined whether this is the proper treatment by evaluating the natural course and treatment outcomes of complete lung atelectasis
Laryngeal framework surgery (LFS) is an indispensable surgical approach for the treatment of voice problems. The purpose of this review is to single out some relevant articles published on the topic of LFS from 2015 to mid-2016. Articles referring to injection laryngoplasty (augmentation) are entirely left aside