Due to inadequate defence mechanisms, cirrhotic patients with ascites have an increased susceptibility to infections, the most frequent and the most severe one being spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP). SBP diagnosis is based on testing of the ascitic fluid obtained by paracentesis. A polymorphonuclear cell count of more than 250 cells/mm3 of ascitic fluid is considered diagnostic and from …
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is probably the best-characterized infectious complication that develops in patients with cirrhosis and ascites [1, 2]. Since its first description in 1964, a large body of knowledge has accumulated regarding the clinical presentation, diagnosis, pathogenesis, treatment and prevention of SBP, and the prognosis of patients who develop this infection [1–3].