Vitamin D is a critical regulator of calcium and bone homeostasis. While vitamin D has multiple effects on bone and calcium metabolism, the regulation of intestinal calcium (Ca) absorption efficiency is a critical function for vitamin D. This is necessary for optimal bone mineralization during growth, the protection of bone in adults, and the prevention of osteoporosis. Intestinal Ca absorption…
To determine whether increasing calcium intake from dietary sources affects bone mineral density (BMD) and, if so, whether the effects are similar to those of calcium supplements
Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body. Bones and teeth contain approx. 99% of calcium. Calcium exists in both plant and animal foods. The best source of calcium is milk. Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) recommends 600-800 mg/day of calcium which increases to 1200 mg/day in pregnant and lactating mothers. Inadequate calcium intake for longer duration is responsible for osteop…
Using the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan, the authors identified 1136 patients taking fixed-dose combination and 4544 patients taking free com‐ binations of an angiotensin II receptor blocker and a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker from January 2009 to December 2012. At a mean follow-up of 2.1 years, the fixed-dose combination was associated with improved medica…