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Massive Hemoptysis
Hemoptysis, or coughing of blood, oftentimes triggers anxiety and fear for patients. The etiology of hemoptysis will determine the clinical course, which includes watchful waiting or intensive care admission. Any amount of hemoptysis that compromises the patient’s respiratory status is considered massive hemoptysis and should be considered a medical emergency. In this article, we review intro…
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Serum Levels of FGF21 and Prediction of Cardiovascular Events
Over the last decade, the discovery of endocrine fibroblast growth factors (eFGFs) and their signaling pathways with regulatory functions in cell metabolism, but not proliferation, is among the major breakthroughs in the field of endocrinology and metabolism [1, 2]. Among eFGFs, FGF21 has attracted much attention as a potential pharmacotherapy against major metabolic diseases, such as obesity, …
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Risk of Hospitalization for Cardiovascular Events with b-Blockers in Hyperten…
Incident nebivolol, atenolol, or metoprolol monotherapy users with hypertension were identified using US claims data (2007–2014). The first b-blocker claim on/after 1/1/2008 defined the index drug/date. Hypertensive patients without pre-index cardiovascular history were followed until index drug discontinuation ([90 day supply gap), use of other b-blockers, or end of continuous plan enrollment
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Cardiovascular Complications of Marijuana and Related Substances: A Review
The recreational use of cannabis has sharply increased in recent years in parallel with its legalization and decriminalization in several countries. Commonly, the traditional cannabis has been replaced by potent synthetic cannabinoids and cannabimimetics in various forms. Despite overwhelming public perception of the safety of these substances, an increasing number of serious cardiovascular adv…
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A Randomized Trial of Central Venous Catheter Type and Thrombosis in Critical…
Observational studies suggest peripherally inserted central venous catheters (PICCs) are associated with a high risk of catheter-related large vein thrombosis (CRLVT) in critically ill neurologic patients. We evaluated the difference in thrombosis risk between PICCs and centrally inserted central venous catheters (CICVCs).
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Monocyte/lymphocyte ratio as a better predictor of cardiovascular and all-cau…
Patients with chronic kidney disease, especially those with end-stage renal disease, have an increased risk of death. Previous studies have suggested neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was related to worse outcome in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD). However, monocyte/lymphocyte ratio (MLR) has not been evaluated in HD patients. In this study, we prospectively studied the predictive value o…
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An Unusual Case of Peripartum Cardiomyopathy in a Parturient With Preeclampsia
Here we report an unusual development of peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) in a parturient woman with preeclampsia. A 36-year-old nulliparous parturient woman underwent elective cesarean section for delivery of twins under spinal anesthesia. Both preoperative workup and past history were unremarkable except for proteinuria and hypertension for 1 week. Approximately 4 hours after cesarean sectio…
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Stent Thrombosis
The most dreaded complication with percutaneous coronary intervention with stents, either bare-metal or drug-eluting stents is stent thrombosis (ST) and it has a significant detrimental effect on the outcome for the patient. The initial attempts at intervention with bare-metal stents had much higher rates of ST compared with what is currently prevailing in the modern interventional world. Signi…
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Fluid management in the critically ill
Fluid therapy, which is provided to restore and maintain tissue perfusion, is part of routine management for almost all critically ill patients. However, because either too much or too little fluid can have a negative impact on patient outcomes, fluid administration must be titrated carefully for each patient.
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Reversal of Direct Oral Anticoagulants: Guidance from the Anticoagulation Forum
The direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) comprise the direct thrombin inhibitor, dabigatran, and the direct factor Xa inhibitors, apixaban, betrixaban, edoxaban, and rivaroxaban. Collectively, these agents have been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) for prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in non-valvular atrial fibrillation, prevention and treatment of ven…
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