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Evidence-based management of gastrointestinal diseases
This special issue of Gastroenterology Report is directed at “Evidence-based management of gastrointestinal (GI) diseases”. Gastroenterologists are now using a range of diagnostic tests and therapies that were largely unavailable twenty years ago. Ours is a fast-moving field, with innovations being developed at a rapid pace
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Radiation Enteritis
Radiation enteritis continues to be a major health concern in recipients of radiation therapy. The incidence of radiation enteritis is expected to continue to rise during the coming years paralleling the unprecedented use of radiotherapy in pelvic cancers. Radiation enteritis can present as either an acute or chronic syndrome. The acute form presents within hours to days of radiation exposure a…
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Current Knowledge of Occult Hepatitis B Infection and Clinical Implications
Occult hepatitis B infection (OBI) is a status of undetectable serum hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) yet detectable serum and/or intrahepatic hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA. Mutations in the preS1, preS2, and S regions of the HBsAg gene may result in undetectable HBsAg. OBI may either result froma self-limiting acute hepatitis, or in patients with chronic hepatitis B who achieved HBsAg serocle…
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Efficacy and Safety of Entecavir Versus Adefovir in Chronic Hepatitis B Patie…
A randomized, open-label comparative study of entecavir versus adefovir therapy was performed in subjects with chronic hepatitis B who had hepatic decompensation (Child-Turcotte-Pugh score 7). Adult subjects were randomized and treated (n 5 191) with entecavir 1.0 mg or adefovir 10 mg daily for up to 96 weeks from the date of last subject randomization. Subjects were positive or negative for …
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Four-Year Entecavir Therapy Reduces Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Cirrhotic Event…
Oral antiviral therapy may reduce the disease progression of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. We aimed to further investigate the efficacy of long-term entecavir therapy in reduction the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), cirrhotic events and mortality in a large group of CHB-related cirrhosis patients
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Pharmacotherapy of Chronic Hepatitis B with Entecavir
Actually three nucleotide/nucleoside analogues are used for chronic hepatitis B: lamivudine, adefovir dipivoxil, entecavir and telbivudine. Lamivudine and adefovir are advantageous for oral administration and safety, but they induce a sustained response after withdrawal of therapy in only a minority of patients. Telbivudine is a new drug and further studies are need to evaluate its real effi…
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The role of entecavir in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B
Entecavir (ETV) is a potent and selective inhibitor of hepatitis B virus replication. In HBeAg-positive and HBeAg-negative lamivudine-naïve patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), treatment with ETV at a dose of 0.5 mg daily is associated with a more potent viral suppression, a higher rate of biochemical remission and a greater improvement of liver histology compared to Lamivudine (LAM).
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P-glycoprotein and its role in drug-drug interactions
Important substrates of P-glycoprotein include calcium channel blockers, cyclosporin, dabigatran etexilate, digoxin, erythromycin, loperamide, protease inhibitors and tacrolimus. Predicting clinically important interactions is difficult because of interindividual differences in drug transport
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Overview of P-glycoprotein inhibitors: a rational outlook
P-glycoprotein (P-gp), a transmembrane permeability glycoprotein, is a member of ATP binding cassette (ABC) super family that functions specifically as a carrier mediated primary active efflux transporter. It is widely distributed throughout the body and has a diverse range of substrates. Several vital therapeutic agents are substrates to P-gp and their bioavailability is lowered or a resista…
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Potential Benefits of pH 8.8 Alkaline Drinking Water as an Adjunct in the Tre…
Unlike conventional drinking water, pH 8.8 alkaline water instantly denatures pepsin, rendering it permanently inactive. In addition, it has good acid-buffering capacity. Thus, the consumption of alkaline water may have therapeutic benefits for patients with reflux disease
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