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Metabolic Syndrome
Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of conditions — increased blood pressure, high blood sugar, excess body fat around the waist, and abnormal cholesterol or triglyceride levels — that occur together, increasing your risk of heart disease, stroke and diabetes
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Facts About Metabolic Diseases of Muscle
Metabolic diseases of muscle were first recognized in the second half of the 20th century. Each of these disorders is caused by a different genetic defect that impairs the body’s metabolism, the collection of chemical changes that occur within cells during normal functioning.
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Pasireotide (SOM230) Prevents Sulfonylurea-induced Hypoglycemia in Rats
Persistent hypoglycemia is a serious condition that is frequently reported in patients undergoing sulfonylurea treatment, often necessitating hospitalization in the event of overdose. Somatostatin is a regulatory hormone with a broad range of physiological actions that include the inhibition of insulin and glucagon secretion, predominantly via activation of the somatostatin receptor subtypes …
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Octreotide for hypoglycemia caused by sulfonylurea and DPP-4 inhibitor
We describe a type 2 diabetes patient with persistent hypoglycemia caused by sulfonylurea misuse on top of a DPP-4 inhibitor. Hyperinsulinemia was exaggerated by dextrose administration, but was successfully treated with octreotide. Since many patients are currently treated with DPP-4 inhibitors, the importance of octreotide has been increasing. For refractory sulfonylurea-induced hypoglyce…
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Novel therapies for diabetic kidney disease
Over the past 30 years there have been many complementary therapies developed to achieve glycemic control and have an impact on cardiovascular outcomes, as well as reduce the risk of microvascular disease. The 2 most notable new entries have been the sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists. Both these classes of agents have demonstra…
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Mineralocorticoid Antagonism and Diabetic Kidney Disease
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with an increased risk of diabetic kidney disease (DKD), cardiovascular disease, and heart failure, in part through activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Although recent cardiovascular outcome trials have identified newer therapeutic agents such as sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)-…
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Cardiovascular outcomes in diabetic kidney disease: insights from recent clin…
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is catalyzing a pandemic in kidney disease, with ensuing cardiovascular complications. The effort to identify antidiabetic agents capable of promoting benefits that go beyond the bounds of glucose control has produced remarkable outcomes in recent cardiovascular outcomes trials in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, many of whom have diabetic kidney disease.
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Neurological presentations of systemic disorders - Level 1 Encephalopathies i…
Metabolic encephalopathies frequently cause the consultation of a neurologist, both in the emergency room as well as for in-patients of the departments of internal medicine or surgery. More than 2/3 of the patients who are referred to an emergency unit with altered consciousness show electrolyte disturbances, endocrinologic disorders, metabolic encephalopathies or intoxications (Plum & Posner …
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Metabolic syndrome update
The metabolicsyndromeisamultiplexriskfactorforatheroscleroticcardiovasculardiseaseandtype2diabetes.Itiscomposed of atherogenicdyslipidemia,elevatedbloodpressure,insulinresistanceandelevatedglucose,apro-thromboticstate,anda pro-inflammatorystate.Excessenergyintakeandconcomitantobesityarethemajordriversofthesyndrome.Lifestyle intervention canreversemetabolicriskfactors,butattimes,drugtherapies…
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Metabolic syndrome : Pathophysiology, Management, and Modulation by Natural C…
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) represents a cluster of metabolic abnormalities that include hypertension, central obesity, insulin resistance, and atherogenic dyslipidemia, and is strongly associated with an increased risk for developing diabetes and atherosclerotic and nonatherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD). The pathogenesis of MetS involves both genetic and acquired factors that contribut…
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