Paraneoplastic syndromes (PNS) such as hypercalcaemia, hypercholesterolaemia, and erythrocytosis have been described in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Aims. (1) To examine the prevalence, clinical characteristics, and survival of PNS in HCC patients and (2) to evaluate the extent to which each individual PNS impacts on patient survival
Gastroesophageal refl ux disease (GERD) is arguably the most common disease encountered by the gastroenterologist. It is equally likely that the primary care providers will fi nd that complaints related to refl ux disease constitute a large proportion of their practice. Th e following guideline will provide an overview of GERD and its presentation, and recommendations for the approach to dia…
Acute hepatitis is a nonspecific term that refers to an acute inflammation of the liver resulting from a wide range of etiologies. Even though the presentation may be acute, it does not always result from an acute disease process. Many of the etiologies may have a long-standing silent disease process preceding the acute presentation. The clinical presentation can be overlapping and therefore…
Hepatitis remains a key public health priority globally. Most childhood cases are caused by viruses, especially hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV). This study aimed to estimate the burden of acute infectious hepatitis in hospitalised children and to describe their clinical characteristics and outcomes
Acute hepatic illness is an important health issue in children. Our work aimed to determine the prevalence of viral hepatitis in symptomatic children. It is a prospective cohort study of 268 children presented with acute hepatitis. Complete blood count, liver panel, and anti-hepatitis Avirus (HAV) IgM were done initially. Cases negative for HAV were tested for anti-hepatitis E (HEV) IgM, ant…
To investigate the epidemiology, etiology, and severity of acute pancreatitis (AP) in urban and suburban areas of Shanghai in 2011 and 2016. Methods. A retrospective study of patients admitted to Shanghai General Hospital (urban and suburban campuses) with AP in 2011 and 2016 was undertaken. Patients were divided into acute biliary pancreatitis (ABP), hypertriglyceridemic pancreatitis (HTGP)…
Gastrointestinal (GI) tumors are the most commonly diagnosed cancers worldwide and the second leading cause of cancer-related death. Endoscopy is the gold standard for diagnosis of GI cancers. Early diagnosis of GI tumors by endoscopy at the precancerous or early stage may decrease the prevalence and mortality rate of GI cancers. The preventive role of endoscopic interventions and the limitatio…
This special issue of Gastroenterology Report is directed at “Evidence-based management of gastrointestinal (GI) diseases”. Gastroenterologists are now using a range of diagnostic tests and therapies that were largely unavailable twenty years ago. Ours is a fast-moving field, with innovations being developed at a rapid pace
Radiation enteritis continues to be a major health concern in recipients of radiation therapy. The incidence of radiation enteritis is expected to continue to rise during the coming years paralleling the unprecedented use of radiotherapy in pelvic cancers. Radiation enteritis can present as either an acute or chronic syndrome. The acute form presents within hours to days of radiation exposure a…
Occult hepatitis B infection (OBI) is a status of undetectable serum hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) yet detectable serum and/or intrahepatic hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA. Mutations in the preS1, preS2, and S regions of the HBsAg gene may result in undetectable HBsAg. OBI may either result froma self-limiting acute hepatitis, or in patients with chronic hepatitis B who achieved HBsAg serocle…