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Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is probably the best-characterized infectious complication that develops in patients with cirrhosis and ascites [1, 2]. Since its first description in 1964, a large body of knowledge has accumulated regarding the clinical presentation, diagnosis, pathogenesis, treatment and prevention of SBP, and the prognosis of patients who develop this infection [1–3].
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Massive hemoptysis from Rasmussen's aneurysm in active pulmonary tuberculosis…
Rasmussen’s aneurysm, a very rare complication of active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), is a pulmonary artery aneurysm adjacent to or within a tuberculous cavity. It may lead to rupture and life threatening massive hemoptysis, an uncommon but challenging medico-surgical emergency. This complication warrants attention in view of the resurgence of tuberculosis and increasing occurrence of multi-…
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Massive Hemoptysis with a Fungus Ball-like Shadow in an Old Tuberculosis Cavi…
Development of aspergilloma is common in cases with a fungus ball-like shadow in cavities due to old tuberculosis. Some reports have shown that blood clots tend to appear as a fungus ball-like shadow. A 71-yearold man with a history of pulmonary tuberculosis presented with a fungus ball-like shadow in an old cavity and hemoptysis. There was no evidence of aspergillus infection on various exa…
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Toxoplasmosis and pregnancy
Low prevalence of the infection, high cost associated with testing, low sensitivity of screening tests, falsepositive test results, and limitations of treatment effectiveness are all cited as reasons for not routinely screening for T gondii infection in Canada. Currently, screening for the detection of T gondii is only performed in Nunavik and other parts of northern Quebec owing to the high…
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A 9-year-old boy with severe diphtherial infection and cardiac complications
The incidence of diphtheria has decreased since the introduction of an effective vaccine. However, in countries with low vaccination rates it has now become a reemerging disease. Complications from diphtheria commonly include upper airway obstruction and cardiac complications. We present a 9-year-old boy who was diagnosed with diphtheria. He presented with fever, tonsilar plaques, respiratory f…
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The Pathology of Diphtheria
Diphtheria is an acute, communicable disease caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae. The disease is generally characterized by local growth of the bacterium in the pharynx with pseudomembrane formation or, less commonly, in the stomach or lungs; systemic dissemination of toxin then invokes lesions in distant organs. Acute disease of the upper respiratory tract usually involves one or more of th…
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Fatal diphtheria myocarditis in a 3-year-old girl—related to late availabil…
Sporadic cases of diphtheria are very rare throughout Europe. A 3-year-old incompletely vaccinated girl was admitted with pharyngotonsillitis caused by diphtheria. On day 9 of her illness, renal and cardiac failure with a third-degree AV-block occurred. Unfortunately, she died within 36 h of admission to intensive care, despite pacemaker placement, the administration of antibiotics and diph…
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Diphtheria: Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, and Role of ImmunizationIn Pr…
Diphtheria outbreaks, though very rare, still occur worldwide, in the developed and developing countries. Diphtheria has high mortality in non-vaccinated populations. Corynebacterium diphtheria produce very potent toxin when infected with a bacteriophage that migrates the toxin-encoding genetic elements into bacteria. The R domain binds to a cell surface receptor, permitting the toxin to ent…
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CUTANEOUS DIPHTHERIA WITH TOXIC MYOCARDITIS: REPORT OF FATAL CASE WITH NECROP…
IN the surgery of war wounds, one must expect to lose a number of patients whose injuries are extensive. However, when the injury is in itself trivial and a fatal complication results, the outcome is apt to disturb the equanimity of those who have attended the case and to point the moral that there are no trivial war wounds. Every case is potentially serious and the results unpredictable.
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Clinical spectrum and outcomes of pediatric diphtheria
The clinical spectrum and outcomes of pediatric diphtheria in this study are relatively similar to reports from other hospitals. Mortality was mostly in patients who lack basic or booster immunizations, are poorly nourished, or have bull neck, myocarditis, or hospital stays < 5 days
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