Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common and complex endocrine disorder that affects 5-20% of reproductive age women. PCOS clinical symptoms include hirsutism, menstrual dysfunction, infertility, obesity and metabolic syndrome. There is a wide heterogeneity in clinical manifestations and metabolic complications.
Kinnier Wilson coined the term metabolic encephalopathy to describe a clinical state of global cerebral dysfunction induced by systemic stress that can vary in clinical presentation from mild executive dysfunction to deep coma with decerebrate posturing; the causes are numerous. Some mechanisms by which cerebral dysfunction occurs in metabolic encephalopathies include focal or global cerebral e…
The metabolic syndrome (MetS) can predispose to type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, even it can predict the occurrence of sudden death
Androgensarehormone that plays an importan role in male reproductive system and produced significantly in form of testosterone by Leydig cells in testes and found in circulating throughout the body. The formation of androgens is esensial in a number of androgen action and have specific role for male sexual differentiation and support spermatogenesis in adult rat.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine disorder, commonly diagnosed in reproductive age women. Its estimated prevalence ranges between 5% and 15% [1, 2]. It is often associated with infertility as well as a higher risk of obesity, dyslipidaemia, and detrimental long-term consequences such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
Patients with type 2 diabetes are at high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in part owing to hypertriglyceridemia and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. It is unknown whether adding triglyceride-lowering treatment to statin reduces this risk.
Down syndrome (DS) is a birth defect with huge medical and social costs, caused by trisomy of whole or part of chromosome 21. It is the most prevalent genetic disease worldwide and the common genetic cause of intellectual disabilities appearing in about 1 in 400-1500 newborns. Although the syndrome had been described thousands of years before, it was named after John Langdon Down who described …
Epilepsy can occur in individuals with Down syndrome (DS), with epileptic spasms representing the most frequent seizure type in this population. Epileptic spasms can have devastating consequences on the development of individuals with the condition. This review sought to explore the lifetime prevalence and underlying mechanism of epileptic spasms in this population. We also aimed to review the…
The script of parenting shifts when parents learn of their child’s Down syndrome diagnosis. To build a theory of the diagnostic experience and early family sense-making process, we interviewed 33 parents and nine grandparents living in the United States who learned prenatally or neonatally of their child’s diagnosis. The core category of rescuing hope for the future encompassed the social p…
Initial studies found increased severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS- CoV-2), in patients with diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, COVID-19 might also predispose infected individuals to hyperglycaemia. Interacting with other risk factors, hyperglycaemia might modulate immune and inflammatory responses, thus …