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A case of upper left extremity deep vein thrombosis with right side middle lo…
Upper extremity deep vein thrombosis is an extremely important clinical entity with potential for considerable morbidity and mortality. A 64‑year‑old woman was brought to the emergency department with complaints of left upper limb and neck swelling for 4 days. Ultrasonography of the neck showed thrombosis of the left internal jugular and other surrounding veins associated with local lympha…
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Infectious Causes of Right Middle Lobe Syndrome
Right middle lobe (RML) syndrome is defined as recurrent or chronic obstruction or infection of the middle lobe of the right lung. Nonobstructive causes of middle lobe syndrome include inflammatory processes and defects in the bronchial anatomy and collateral ventilation. We report on 2 case patients with RML syndrome, one due to infection with Mycobacterium avium complex followed by M asiaticu…
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Pulmonary characteristics in COPD and mechanisms of increased work of breathing
Mechanical characteristics and gas exchange inefficiencies of the lungs contribute to increased work of ventilation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) at rest and exercise, and the energy cost of ventilation is increased in COPD at any external work level. Assuming typical ventilatory variables and respiratory characteristics, we estimated the relative contributions of inspiratory …
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The Global Impact of Respiratory Disease – Second Edition
The World Health Organization (WHO) launched the Global Alliance Against Respiratory Diseases (GARD) in 2006 with the aim to bring together the combined knowledge of national and international organisations, institutions and agencies to improve the lives of more than one billion people affected by chronic and acute respiratory diseases
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The WHO World Mental Health Surveys International College Student Project: Pr…
Increasingly, colleges across the world are contending with rising rates of mental disorders, and in many cases, the demand for services on campus far exceeds the available resources. The present study reports initial results from the first stage of the WHO World Mental Health International College Student project, in which a series of surveys in 19 colleges across eight countries were carried …
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How mental health care should change as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic
The unpredictability and uncertainty of the COVID-19 pandemic; the associated lockdowns, physical distancing, and other containment strategies; and the resulting economic breakdown could increase the risk of mental health problems and exacerbate health inequalities. Preliminary findings suggest adverse mental health effects in previously healthy people and especially in people with pre-exist…
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Collaborative care for child and youth mental health problems in a middle-inc…
Child and youth mental health problems are leading causes of disability and particular problems in low- and middle-income countries where populations are young and child mental health services are in short supply. Collaborative care models that support primary care providers’ efforts to detect and treat child mental health problems offer one way to address this need. However, collaborative ca…
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The start of life: a history of obstetrics
Obstetric intervention originally consisted of extraction of the baby, usually by the breech, to save the mother’s life in obstructed labour. Forceps, introduced in the 17th century, were later refined by men-midwives like William Smellie. In Victorian times, Simpson championed chloroform anaesthesia, Lister pioneered antisepsis, and caesarean section was introduced. In 1935, however, Britai…
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Reporting and Analysis of Trial-Based Cost-Effectiveness Evaluations in Obste…
The aim was to systematically review whether the reporting and analysis of trial-based cost-effectiveness evaluations in the field of obstetrics and gynaecology comply with guidelines and recommendations, and whether this has improved over time
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Quality of Care and Disparities in Obstetrics
Growing attention is being paid to obstetrical quality of care as patients are pressing the healthcare system to measure and improve quality. There is also an increasing recognition of persistent racial and ethnic disparities prevalent in obstetrical outcomes. Yet few studies have linked obstetrical quality of care with racial and ethnic disparities. This article reviews definitions of quality …
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