The prevalence of chronic kidney disease and its risk factors is increasing worldwide, and the rapid rise in global need for end-stage kidney disease care is a major challenge for health systems, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Countries are responding to the challenge of end-stage kidney disease in different ways, with variable provision of the components of a kidney care str…
To help primary care providers, both family physicians and nurse practitioners, identify, detect, and manage patients with and at risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD), as well as outline criteria for appropriate referral to nephrology
Initial studies found increased severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS- CoV-2), in patients with diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, COVID-19 might also predispose infected individuals to hyperglycaemia. Interacting with other risk factors, hyperglycaemia might modulate immune and inflammatory responses, thus …
Turner syndrome (TS) is characterized by partial or complete loss of the second X-chromosome in phenotypic females resulting in a constellation of clinical findings that may include lymphedema, cardiac anomalies, short stature, primary ovarian failure and neurocognitive difficulties. Optimizing health care delivery is important to enable these individuals achieve their full potential. We revie…
Turner syndrome (TS) is the most common sex chromosome abnormality in women and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. We describe long-term outcomes in a large cohort of patients with TS
Turner syndrome is a rare condition in women that is associated with either complete or partial loss of one X chromosome, often in mosaic karyotypes. Turner syndrome is associated with short stature, delayed puberty , ovarian dysgenesis, hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, infertility , congenital malformations of the heart, endocrine disorders such as type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus, osteoporo…
Most conjunctival papillomas are benign in nature. However, any long standing conjunctival mass should not evade the surveillance of carcinogenicity. Presented here is a case of a long standing conjunctival papilloma (HPV) that showed the presence of low risk human papillomavirus based on histological testing
The current cohort of experienced nurses providing anti-VEGF injections can be trained under supervision to inject the intravitreal dexamethasone implant (Ozurdex). This is safe, additionally effective in streamlining the service and reducing the waiting time for delivery of the steroid implant
To evaluate the efficacy of trans-epithelial cross-linking (TE-CXL) and to compare the visual and topographic outcomes of TE-CXL versus epithelium-off cross-linking (CXL) in adult keratoconus (KC).
Humans have witnessed three deadly pandemics so far in the twenty-first century which are associated with novel coronaviruses: SARS, Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and COVID-19. All of these viruses, which are responsible for causing acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs), are highly contagious in nature and/or have caused high mortalities. The recently emerged COVID-19 disease is…