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The colorectal cancer immune microenvironment and approach to immunotherapies
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in the world, with about 1.4 million cases diagnosed worldwide in 2012 [1]. The prognosis for CRC patients is largely dependent on the stage of the tumor at diagnosis. In the USA, the 5-year survival rates following surgical removal of tumors for localized (stage I), regional (stages II and III) and distant (stage IV) cases are 91.1, 71.7…
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Colorectal Cancer: Genetics is Changing Everything
Cancer is fundamentally a genetic disease caused by mutational or epigenetic alterations in DNA. There has been a remarkable expansion of the molecular understanding of colonic carcinogenesis in the last 30 years and that understanding is changing many aspects of colorectal cancer (CRC) care. This article provides a general update on CRC and highlights how genetics is changing clinical care
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Biomarkers in Colorectal Cancer
Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide, with 1.36 million people diagnosed in 2012. The prognosis of colorectal cancer is better with an earlier diagnosis. The outcome of colorectal cancer may also be improved by targeting pathways involved in colorectal cancer formation, such as anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) therapy
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Menstrual patterns and disorders among secondary school adolescents in Egypt:…
To our knowledge, no large population – based studies have been performed on the topic of menstrual patterns among Egyptian adolescent in recent years. The aims of this study were to identify menstrual patterns and associated disorders as well as the sources of menstrual health knowledge among Egyptian adolescents
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Association between sleep duration and menstrual cycle irregularity in Korean…
The association between sleep and the menstrual cycle in the adolescent population has been scarcely studied. This study aimed to investigate the association between sleep duration and menstrual cycle irregularity among female adolescents using nationwide representative data from the South Korean population
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Assessment of the menstrual cycle, eating disorders and self-esteem of Polish…
Girls with irregular menses had higher scores on the EAT-26 test in subscales: EAToverall score, EAT-diet and EAT–bulimia, while lower scores on the SES. In our study, we did not observe a significant relationship between exercise intensity, body mass, BMI and menstrual cycle regularity. Low self-esteem among adolescent girls may be a risk factor for eating disorders which could interrupt the…
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Randomized, controlled trial comparing the effects of anesthesiawith propofol…
Pain is the primary complaint and the main reason for prolonged recovery after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The authors hypothesized that patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy will have less pain four hours after surgery when receiving maintenance of anesthesia with propofol when compared to isoflurane, desflurane, or sevoflurane
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Clinical Research Methodology 3: Randomized Controlled Trials
Randomized assignment of treatment excludes reverse causation and selection bias and, in suffciently large studies, effectively prevents confounding. Well-implemented blinding prevents measurement bias. Studies that include these protections are called randomized, blinded clinical trials and, when conducted with suffcient numbers of patients, provide the most valid results. Although conceptuall…
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Thyrotoxic Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis
TPP is an infrequent subtype of periodic hypokalemic paralysis. The mechanism by which hyperthyroidism lead to the development of TPP is poorly understood. The use of non-prescribed and occult thyroid or iodinecontaining diet pills or nutraceuticals should be ruled out when TPP is suspected. TPP can be life-threatening so a prompt diagnosis is crucial to improve its prognosis.
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HYPOKALEMIC PERIODIC PARALYSIS IN A PATIENT WITH EUTHYROID GRAVES DISEASE AND…
Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis is a sporadic form of hypokalemic periodic paralysis (HPP) that is most commonly seen in patients with Graves disease (GD) in association with acute thyrotoxicosis. A very few cases of HPP have been reported in patients with GD while the patient was euthyroid
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