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Pharmacokinetic Profile of Cisapride 20 mg After Once- and Twice-Daily Dosing
Cisapride is a substituted piperidinyl benzamide. It is chemically related to metoclopramide but lacks the antidopaminergic properties of metoclopramide that affect the central nervous system and cause extrapyramidal side effects. Cisapride is indicated for the symptomatic treatment of patients with nocturnal heartburn due to gastroesophageal reflux disease. Based on extensive assessment of t…
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Nun-ulcer dyspepsia ; myths and realities
Dyspepsia can be defined as the presence of upper abdominal pain or discomfort; other symptoms referable to the proximal gastrointestinal tract, such as nausea, early satiety, and bloating, may also be present. Symptoms may or may not be meal related. To be termed chronic, dyspepsia should have been present for three months or longer. Over half the patients who present with chronic dyspepsia ha…
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Cisapride: Limited access and alternatives
The withdrawal of cisapride from the market will present challenges for physicians treating patients with nocturnal heartburn, gastroparesis, and dyspepsia. However, alternatives to the drug exist, and it will continue to be available under a limited-access program for patients for whom other drug treatments fail
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Cisapride: What can we learn from the rise and fall of a prokinetic?
Cisapride, the prototype serotonergic agent, evolved from a body of research that defined the key roles of serotonergic receptors in gastrointestinal motor and sensory function. Impressed by its in vitro properties and encouraged by clinical trial data, cisapride became the drug of choice for the treatment of a wide range of motility disorders and clinicians appeared impressed by its efficacy …
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Efficacy and Tolerability of Cisapride in Children
As gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) in infants and children is a motility disorder which differs in pathophysiology and clinical course from GORD in adults, prokinetics should be considered the drug of choice in certain circumstances. Indeed, cisapride may result in improvement of feeding tolerance in premature infant
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Cochrane’s epitaph for cisapride in childhood gastro-oesophageal reflux
The coincidental appearance of theCochrane Review Group’s systematicappraisal of the utility of cisapride for gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR) in children, 1 and the withdrawal of this drug in many countries2 could not have been more appropriate
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Clinical profile of levobupivacaine in regional anesthesia: A systematic review
The quest for searching newer and safer anesthetic agents has always been one of the primary needs in anesthesiology practice. Levobupivacaine, the pure S (−)‑enantiomer of bupivacaine, has strongly emerged as a safer alternative for regional anesthesia than its racemic sibling, bupivacaine. Levobupivacaine has been found to be equally efficacious as bupivacaine, but with a superior pharma…
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Update on local anesthetics: focus on levobupivacaine
In recent years levobupivacaine, the pure S (−)-enantiomer of bupivacaine, emerged as a safer alternative for regional anesthesia than its racemic parent. It demonstrated less affi nity and strength of depressant effects onto myocardial and central nervous vital centers in pharmacodynamic studies, and a superior pharmacokinetic profi le. Clinically, levobupivacaine is well tolerated in a vari…
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Levobupivacaine for Pediatric Spinal Anesthesia
In this clinical trial we evaluated the clinical effects of levobupivacaine in spinal anesthesia in children. An open, noncomparative study was performed on 40 children, aged 1–14 yr, undergoing elective lower abdominal or lower limb surgery. A plain solution of S()- bupivacaine 5 mg/mL at a mean dose of 0.3 mg/kg body weight (range, 0.2– 0.5 mg/kg body weight) was administered via the L3…
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Cilostazol Has Beneficial Effects in Treatment of Intermittent Claudication :…
Cilostazol is a new phosphodiesterase inhibitor that suppresses platelet aggregation and also acts as a direct arterial vasodilator. This prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group clinical trial evaluated the efficacy of cilostazol for treatment of stable, moderately severe intermittent claudication
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