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Drug interactions with apixaban: A systematic review of the literature and an…
Apixaban, a direct oral anticoagulant, has emerged over the past few years because it is considered to have a low risk of drug-drug interactions compared to vitamin K antagonists. To better characterize these interactions, we systematically reviewed studies evaluating the drug-drug interactions involving apixaban and analyzed the drug-drug interactions resulting in an adverse drug reaction rep…
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Apixaban to prevent stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation: a review
Atrial fibrillation is a common, costly and morbid cardiovascular arrhythmia. Stroke prevention remains the mainstay of treatment for atrial fibrillation, and the recent advent of novel oral anticoagulants with direct factor IIa or factor Xa inhibition has significantly revolutionized this aspect of treatment for atrial fibrillation patients. This review focuses on the tolerability and efficac…
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Population pharmacokinetics and pharmacogenomics of apixaban in Japanese adul…
The nonlinear relationship between oral clearance (CL/F) of apixaban and creatinine clearance (Ccr) was observed. The population mean of CL/F for a typical patient (Ccr value of 70 ml min1) with the CYP3A5*1/*1 and ABCG2 421C/C or C/A genotypes was estimated to be 3.06 l h1. When Ccr values were set to the typical value, the population mean of CL/F was 1.52 times higher in patients with th…
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Apixaban enhances endogenous fibrinolysis in patients with atrial fibrillation
In a prospective cross-sectional analysis, we compared endogenous fibrinolysis in NVAF patients (n = 180) taking aspirin, warfarin, or apixaban. In a prospective longitudinal study, patients were tested before and after apixaban (n = 80). Endogenous fibrinolysis was assessed using the Global Thrombosis Test (GTT) and thromboelastography (TEG). Endogenous fibrinolysis [measured by GTT lysis time…
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Apixaban: A Clinical Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Review
Apixaban is an oral, direct factor Xa inhibitor that inhibits both free and clot-bound factor Xa, and has been approved for clinical use in several thromboembolic disorders, including reduction of stroke risk in non-valvular atrial fibrillation, thromboprophylaxis following hip or knee replacement surgery, the treatment of deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism, and prevention of recurre…
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Oral Apixaban for the Treatment of Acute Venous Thromboembolism
The primary efficacy outcome occurred in 59 of 2609 patients (2.3%) in the apixaban group, as compared with 71 of 2635 (2.7%) in the conventional-therapy group (relative risk, 0.84; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.60 to 1.18; difference in risk [apixaban minus conventional therapy], −0.4 percentage points; 95% CI, −1.3 to 0.4). Apixaban was noninferior to conventional therapy (P
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Apixaban Versus Rivaroxaban in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Valvular…
Although apixaban and rivaroxaban are commonly used in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and valvular heart disease (VHD), there is limited evidence comparing the 2 drugs in these patients
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Intravenous nitroglycerin in acute myocardial infarction
Vasodilator therapy has been shown to improve ventricular function in patients with left ventricular failure complicating acute myocardial infarction. Sublingual nitroglycerin also improves ventricular function in these patients but its effects are transient and variable. Infusion of intravenous nitroglycerin in 12 patients with acute infarction resulted in a decrease in left ventricular fill…
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Hemodynamic effects of isosorbide dinitrate vs nitroglycerin in patients with…
The hemodynamic response to nitroglycerin administration, to sublingual or oral administration of isosorbide dinitrate, or to a placebo was evaluated and compared in 37 patients with unstable angina pectoris under resting, pain-free conditions. Patients with congestive heart failure were not included in this study. Serial measurements of mean arterial Mood pressnre (MAP), pulmonary arter…
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Clinical and Circulatory Effects of Isosorbide Dinitrate ; Comparison with Ni…
In order to resolve current controversies on isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN), we employed a particularly sensitive testing protocol to evaluate effects of sublingual ISDN and nitroglycerin on the exercise capacity of patients with angina. Ten minutes after ISDN 21 of 23 patients exercised longer (average 2.7 minutes, P < 0.001) than after placebo. Benefit was evident in only a minority of patients …
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