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Esophageal varices
Esophageal varices are Porto-systemic collaterals — i.e., vascular channels that link the portal venous and the systemic venous circulation. They form as a consequence of portal hypertension (a progressive complication of cirrhosis), preferentially in the sub mucosa of the lower esophagus. Rupture and bleeding from esophageal varices are major complications of portal hypertension and are ass…
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Hepatorenal syndrome: Update on diagnosis and treatment
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication in patients with end-stage liver disease and advanced cirrhosis regardless of the underlying cause. Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS), a functional form of kidney failure, is one of the many possible causes of AKI. HRS is potentially reversible but involves highly complex pathogenetic mechanisms and equally complex clinical and therapeutic management.…
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Outcomes in hypertensive patients at high cardiovascular risk treated with re…
The Valsartan Antihypertensive Long-term Use Evaluation (VALUE) trial was designed to test the hypothesis that for the same blood-pressure control, valsartan would reduce cardiac morbidity and mortality more than amlodipine in hypertensive patients at high cardiovascular risk
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Effect of Amlodipine on the Progression of Atherosclerosis and the Occurrence…
Amlodipine has no demonstrable effect on angiographic progression of coronary atherosclerosis or the risk of major cardiovascular events but is associated with fewer hospitalizations for unstable angina and revascularization.
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Effects of Different Blood Pressure–Lowering Regimens on Major Cardiovascul…
Blood pressure (BP) level is a major determinant of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in individuals with diabetes mellitus. Several guidelines recommend lower BP goals and specific drug classes for these patients. The overviews reported herein were performed to formally compare the effects on cardiovascular events and death of different BP-lowering regimens in individuals with and withou…
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Asthma guidelines: the Global Initiative for Asthma in relation to national g…
Both GINA and national guidelines have furthered asthma care to narrow the care gap from what is known to how asthma care is delivered, hopefully in a more directed, personalized manner. As well, both GINA and national guidelines have helped to shape the direction of research for the future benefit of children and their families
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Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease Global Initiative for …
Attention health care professionals: The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) group has released their Pocket Guide to COPD Diagnosis, Management and Prevention – A Guide for Health Care Professionals, updated for 2016.
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Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention. (2017 update)
Asthma is a serious health problem throughout the world. During the past two decades, many scientific advances have improved our understanding of asthma and ability to manage and control it effectively. However, recommendations for asthma care need to be adapted to local conditions, resources and services
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More Epidural than Intravenous Sufentanil is Required to Provide Comparable P…
The extent to which epidurally administered sufentanil acts directly on spinal opioid receptors remains controversial. We tested the hypothesis that smalldose boluses of sufentanil, given epidurally or IV, provide comparable analgesia at similar plasma sufentanil concentrations. The lipophilicity of sufentanil makes it likely to be absorbed into fat surrounding the epidural space
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Early postoperative cognitive recovery after remifentanil– propofol or sufe…
This study was designed to evaluate early postoperative cognitive recovery after total intravenous anaesthesia with remifentanil–propofol or sufentanil–propofol in patients undergoing craniotomy for supratentorial expanding lesions
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