Nitric oxide (NO) participates in the control of contractility and heart rate, limits cardiac remodeling after an infarction and contributes to the protective effect of ischemic pre- and postconditioning. Low concentrations of NO, with production of small amounts of cGMP, inhibit phosphodiesterase III, thus preventing the hydrolysis of cAMP. The subsequent activation of a protein-kinase A cause…
The importance of transfusion medicine in the management of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) cannot be overstated and is reflected in the historical record with the first series of successful human-to-human transfusions being performed by James Blundell in 1818, a London obstetrician treating patients with PPH
Comparison of pre- and postassessments revealed improvements in perceived confidence and competence when managing obstetric emergencies. Nurse confidence increased by 35% and nurse competence increased by 32%. The 2-day educational program also realized significant cost savings. Overall costs for the educational program decreased from $94849 to $42974.
Diabetes during pregnancy can be classified as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) or pre-existing diabetes. Many women identified as having diabetes mellitus for the first time in pregnancy are classified as having GDM, although they may actually have pre-existing diabetes. This diagnosis has significant implications for obstetric anaesthesia with regards to maternal and fetal outcomes.
In women with postpartumhemorrhage, the need to transfuse a large amount of blood products is frequent. The ABCD ofmassive transfusions—Assessment/Activation, Blood products, Complications, and Drugs—can helpmanage this complex situation. There needs to be a definedmethod to activate themassive transfusion protocol and a well-defined means to assess the coagulation status of the patient …
Atelectasis is derived from the Greek words ateles and ektasis, meaning incomplete expansion. It is also referred to as collapse of the lung. Atelectasis is the loss of lung volume, either a part or all of a lung with or without mediastinal shift.
Complete atelectasis of primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) requires immediate air reduction. Surgical intervention has been considered proper treatment for persistent air leakage or recurrence. We examined whether this is the proper treatment by evaluating the natural course and treatment outcomes of complete lung atelectasis
This meta-analysis shows that AA genotype in TNF-a G308A and TNF-a G238A and CT genotype in TNF-a C863T may increase HBV-HCC risk. Therefore, HBV infection seemed to be a more important factor for tumorigenesis of HCC than genetic predisposition in G308A of TNF-a, and interaction between TNF-a C863T polymorphisms and HBV infection might be associated with increased HCC risk
A great interest has been dedicated to the development of non invasive predictive models in recent years to substitute liver biopsy for fibrosis assessment and follow-up. The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy between S-index and aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (APRI) to FibroScan for predicting liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B and C patients
Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is a major health problem worldwide and is associated with significant long-term morbidity and mortality. The hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a hepatotropic virus that is capable of integrating in the host nucleus permanently resulting in lifelong infection. To date, there is no definitive cure for HBV, as our current treatments cannot eradicate the viral reservoir that ha…