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Pathogenesis of Gastric Cancer
Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common malignancy and the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. GC is a heterogeneous disease and the endpoint of a long multistep process largely influenced by Helicobacter pylori infection, genetic susceptibility, and environmental factors. In a subset of GC cases, infection with the Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) may also be involved. The d…
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Diagnosis and assessment of renal fibrosis: the state of the art
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined as an alteration of kidney function and/or structure lasting for more than 3 months and is a major public health issue. Histo-logically, the severity of CKD correlates with the magni-tude of kidney cortical interstitial fibrosis. Estimation of kidney fibrosis is crucial to assess prognosis and guide therapy in both native and allograft kidneys. Biopsy is …
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An update on PCOS in adolescents
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrinopathy which can be difficult to treat in adolescents. Fortunately, early identification and treatment can help mitigate some of the metabolic complications. In this review, we reflect on recent literature regarding PCOS diagnosis, associated complications, and treatment options
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Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis: rationale and clinical guidelines for diagno…
Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) is an uncommon and problematic pulmonary disease, complicating many other respiratory disorders, thought to affect ∼240000 people in Europe. The most common form of CPA is chronic cavitary pulmonary aspergillosis (CCPA), which untreated may progress to chronic fibrosing pulmonary aspergillosis. Less common manifestations include: Aspergillus nodule and si…
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Destroyed lung complicated with empyema
An obliterated lung is characterized as an aggregate demolition of the lung auxiliary to repetitive or ceaseless lung contaminations. The most widely recognized cause is tuberculous. Other conceivable causes incorporate last fase bronchiectasis and sequelae of necrotizing pneumonia.
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A Challenging Diagnosis of Ascites: A Case Report of Peritoneal Tuberculosis
Approximately 2 billion people, which is about one third of the world’s population, are infected with tuberculosis (TB). Around 10% of infected people will develop active TB at one point in their lifetime. We present a rare case of a 68-year-old male who presented to the emergency department with a 2-week progressive dyspnea. In addition, the patient complained of generalized weakness, sub…
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Intestinal and peritoneal tuberculosis: changing trends over 10 years and a r…
To establish the efficiency of minimally invasive procedures in the diagnosis and management of abdominal (intestinal and peritoneal) tuberculosis (AT), I retrospectively and then prospectively evaluated clinical, physical and laboratory findings in patients with AT at a university general-surgery clinic. Diagnostic and therapeutic options were also considered.
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Insulin pump therapy, pre-pump HbA1c and metabolic improvement in children wi…
Indications for insulin pump therapy (IPT) in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are relatively non-specific and therefore subject to provider discretion. Health professionals’ perceptions of which people will have difficulty with IPT, e.g., those with higher HbA1c, may not be correct. This study examined the effect of IPT on HbA1c, and the role of pre-pump HbA1c on this effect. Methods:…
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Radionuclides in lung diagnostics: A new approach
With a 99mTc-labelled aerosol an inhalation (ventilation) image of the lungs was obtained. A lung perfusion image was obtained with 99mTc-labelled macro-aggregates. The data from the gamma camera were stored in a computer and the inhalation-perfusion (I/P) ratio was calculated for the total lung as well as for one half another selected region, and a local (pixel) area. In the anaesthetised dog…
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Critical Evaluation of Lung Scintigraphy in Cystic Fibrosis: Study of 113 Pat…
A long-term study has been performed on 285 lung perfusionscintigrams obtained from I 13 patients wIth cystic fibrosis. Tranverse and longitudinal comparIsons with clinicalandradiologIcaslcores,aswellasretrospectivaenalysIsofthedeceased patients,werethemethodsusedinorderto evaluatetheimportanceofthescinti graphicimages.It appearsthatlungsclntigraphy isthebestIndexoftheregional lung Impairment,…
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