Hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy, and sudden cardiac death

Hypertension (HTN) is among the most common, noncommunicable disease in the world. Approximately 80 million people (32.6%) in the United States [1] and one billion worldwide suffer from HTN [2], and the prevalence may be even higher as the diagnosis is based on an objective test (i.e., blood pressure measurement). Longterm HTN leads to hypertensive heart disease, and is the result of anatomical…

EVALUASI PENGGUNAAN ANTIBIOTIK PROFILAKSIS TERHADAP KEJADIAN INFEKSI LUKA OPE…

Infeksi nosokomial merupakan penyebab utama tingginya angka kesakitan dan kematian di dunia. Pada tahun 2002 CDC memperkirakan angka kejadian infeksi nosokomial di rumah sakit 1,7 juta orang dan sekitar 99.000 orang meninggal karena infeksi ini.Infeksi luka operasi (ILO) merupakan salah satu dari infeksi nosokomial mayoritas yang terjadi di rumah sakit. Penggunaan antibiotik profilaksis yang se…

Insulin treatment in children and adolescents with diabetes

Insulin treatment must be started as soon as possible after diagnosis (usually within 6h if ketonuria is present) to prevent metabolic decompensation and diabetic ketoacidosis (A).

What Have We Learned From the Typhoid Fever Surveillance in Africa Program?

The Typhoid Fever Surveillance in Africa Program (TSAP) was established in 2009 to fill the data void concerning invasive Salmonella disease in sub-Saharan Africa, and to specifically estimate the burden of bloodstream infections caused by the key pathogen, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi. TSAP has achieved this ambitious target, finding high incidences of typhoid fever in both rural and u…

MANAJEMEN TERAPI DEMAM TIFOID: KAJIAN TERAPI FARMAKOLOGIS DAN NON FARMAKOLOGIS

Demam tifoid adalah penyakit demam akut yang disebabkan oleh infeksi bakteri Salmonella typhi. Penderita demam tifoid di Indonesia mencapai 81% per 100.000. Demam tifoid dapat diberikan terapi farmakologis maupun non farmakologis yang bertujuan untuk mempercepat penyembuhan, meminimalkan komplikasi sekaligus untuk mencegah penyebaran penyakit. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengerjaan literatur r…

Emerging insights into the biology of typhoid toxin

Typhoid toxin is a unique A2B5 exotoxin and an important virulence factor for Salmonella Typhi, the cause of typhoid fever. In the decade since its initial discovery, great strides have been made in deciphering the unusual biological program of this toxin, which is fundamentally different from related toxins in many ways. Purified typhoid toxin administered to laboratory animals causes many of …

Transition Metal Mediated Release of Nitric Oxide (NO) from S-Nitroso- N-acet…

Nitric oxide (NO), identified over the last several decades in many physiological processes and pathways as both a beneficial and detrimental signaling molecule, has been the subject of extensive research. Physiologically, NO is transported by a class of donors known as S-nitrosothiols. Both endogenous and synthetic S-nitrosothiols have been reported to release NO during interactions with certa…

International Standards For Tuberculosis Care :Diagnosis Treatment Public Health

The purpose of the International Standards for Tuberculosis Care (ISTC) is to describe a widely accepted level of care that all practitioners, public and private, should seek to achieve in managing patients who have, or are suspected of having, tuberculosis. The Standards are intended to facilitate the effective engagement of all care providers in delivering high-quality care for patients of al…

Protection of dexmedetomidine against ischemia/reperfusion-induced apoptotic …

Dexmedetomidine, an agonist of alpha2-adrenergic receptors, is used for critically ill patients to induce and maintain sedation and analgesia. Brain ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) usually causes severe neuronal injuries to intensive care unit patients. This study was aimed to evaluate the effects of dexmedetomidine on I/R-induced insults to neuronal cells and the possible mechanisms. Treatment of n…

Acute Liver Failure

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